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Battle Of Lepanto (1571), Battle Of Lepanto
The Battle of Lepanto was a naval engagement that took place on 7 October 1571 when a fleet of the Holy League, a coalition of Catholic states arranged by Pope Pius V, inflicted a major defeat on the fleet of the Ottoman Empire in the Gulf of Patras. The Ottoman forces were sailing westward from their naval station in Lepanto (the Venetian name of ancient Naupactus – Greek , Turkish ) when they met the fleet of the Holy League which was sailing east from Messina, Sicily. Lepanto marks the last major engagement in the Western world to be fought almost entirely between rowing vessels, namely the galleys and galleasses, which were the direct descendants of ancient trireme warships. The battle was in essence an "infantry battle on floating platforms".William Stevens, ''History of Sea Power'' (1920),p. 83 It was the largest naval battle in Western history since classical antiquity, involving more than 450 warships. Over the following decades, the increasing importance of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Laureys A Castro
Laureys a Castro or Lorenzo a Castro (March 1644 – ) was a Flemish painter of marine art, marine views and portraits who is mainly known for his work carried out in England roughly between 1672 and 1700.Laureys a Castro at the Netherlands Institute for Art History He was clearly regarded as a leading marine painter in England as many of his works were held in English collections.About Laureys A. Castro at Jean MoustSander Karst, 'Off to a new Cockaigne: Dutch migrant artists in London, 1660-1715', Simiolus 37 (2013-2014), p. 25-60, pp. 39-40 Life Very few details about Laureys a Castro's life and training have b ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carlo D'Aragona Tagliavia
Carlo d'Aragona Tagliavia, 1st Prince of Castelvetrano (1530 – 25 September 1599) was a Sicilian-Spanish nobleman and viceroy. Early life Carlo was born in Castelvetrano, Sicily, in 1530. He was the son of a Sicilian peer, Giovanni Tagliavia, Count of Castelvetrano, and a Spanish mother, Beatriz de Aragón y Cruillas, only daughter of Carlos de Aragon, Marquess of Avola. His uncle was Cardinal Pietro Tagliavia d'Aragonia. His family descended from an illegitimate son of King Peter III of Aragon. Career He became Duke of Terranova (''Duca di Terranova'') (in the Italian, not Spanish line) on 17 August 1561. On 24 April 1564, the County of Castelvetrano was raised to the Principality of Castelvetrano and Carlo became its 1st reigning prince. Tagliavia twice served as the Viceroy of Sicily; from 1556 to 1568 and, again, from 1571 to 1577. He later served as Viceroy of Catalonia from 1581 to 1582 and as the governor of the Duchy of Milan from 1583 to 1592. He was a Knight ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Galliot
A galiot, galliot or galiote, was a small galley boat propelled by sail or oars. There are three different types of naval galiots that sailed on different seas. A ''galiote'' was a type of French flat-bottom river boat or barge and also a flat-bottomed boat with a simple sail for transporting wine. Naval vessels * Mediterranean (16th–17th centuries) : Historically, a galiot was a type of ship with oars, also known as a half-galley, then, from the 17th century forward, a ship with sails and oars. As used by the Barbary pirates against the Republic of Venice, a galiot had two masts and about 16 pairs of oars. Warships of the type typically carried between two and ten cannons of small caliber, and between 50 and 150 men. It was a Barbary galiot, captained by Barbarossa I, that captured two Papal vessels in 1504. * North Sea (17th–19th centuries) : A galiot was a type of Dutch or German merchant ship of 20 to 400 tons ( bm), similar to a ketch, with a rounded fore and aft li ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Knights Of Malta
The Sovereign Military Order of Malta (SMOM), officially the Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of Saint John of Jerusalem, of Rhodes and of Malta, and commonly known as the Order of Malta or the Knights of Malta, is a Catholic Church, Catholic Catholic laity, lay Religious order (Catholic), religious order, traditionally of a military order (religious society), military, chivalry, chivalric, and nobility, noble nature. Though it possesses no territory, the order is often considered a Sovereign state, sovereign entity under international law. The Order traces its institutional continuity with the Knights Hospitaller, a order of chivalry, chivalric order that was founded about 1099 by the Blessed Gerard in the Kingdom of Jerusalem. The order is led by an elected List of Princes and Grand Masters of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta, prince and grand master. Its motto is ("Defence of the faith and assistance to the poor"). The government of the Sovereign Order of Malta has ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Order Of Saint Stephen
The Order of Saint Stephen (officially ''Sacro Militare Ordine di Santo Stefano Papa e Martire'', 'Holy Military Order of St. Stephen Pope and Martyr') is a Roman Catholic Tuscan dynastic military order founded in 1561. The order was created by Cosimo I de' Medici, first Grand Duke of Tuscany. The last member of the Medici dynasty to be a leader of the order was Gian Gastone de Medici in 1737. The purported dissolution of the order in 1859 by the provisional government of Tuscany to the Kingdom of Sardinia was in breach of canon law and had no effect on the status of the Order. The former Kingdom of Italy did not recognize the order as a legal entity, but today the Italian republic includes it among the non-national Orders for which permission may be given in the name of the president to wear the decorations in Italy. History The order was founded by Cosimo I de' Medici, first Grand Duke of Tuscany, with the approbation of Pope Pius IV on 1 October 1561. The rule cho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Galleasses
A galleass was a warship that combined the sails and armament of a galleon or carrack with the maneuverability of the oared galley. While never quite matching up to the full expectations for its design, the galleass nevertheless remained in use during the 16th and 17th centuries. Development Galleasses were higher, larger and slower than regular galleys. They had up to 32 oars, each worked by up to five men. They usually had three masts, and unlike galleys, proper forecastles and an aftcastles. Much effort was made in Venice to make galleasses as fast as possible to compete with regular galleys. The gun deck usually ran over the rowers' heads, but there are also pictures showing the opposite arrangement. Galleasses usually carried more sails than galleys and had far more firepower; a galley caught in a galleass's broadside was in great danger, since it exposed to a large amount of gunfire. Relatively few galleasses were built by Venice —one disadvantage was that, being ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caracossa
Kara Hoja (), known as Caracossa, Ali Fartax or Candelissa in Europe, was an Italian Barbary corsair and defrocked Dominican friar allied with the Ottoman Empire. He is reputed to be from Chioggia, Fano, or Calabria. In June–July 1571, he led the blockade of the San Marco basin in Venice, which was the first ever direct nautical threat that the capital of the Republic of Venice faced in its history. He was present at the Battle of Lepanto later that year and was shot by a soldier with an arquebus. According to Antonio Bosio, he was killed on Malta Malta, officially the Republic of Malta, is an island country in Southern Europe located in the Mediterranean Sea, between Sicily and North Africa. It consists of an archipelago south of Italy, east of Tunisia, and north of Libya. The two ..., although it is probably inaccurate. References Bibliography * * {{cite book , last1=Zuidhoek , first1=Arne , title=The Pirate Encyclopedia: The Pirate's Way , date=18 July 2022 , p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Occhiali
Occhiali (also Uluj Ali; born Giovanni Dionigi Galeni; – 21 June 1587), later known as Kılıç Ali Paşa, was an Italian privateer and admiral who served as the commander of the Regency of Algiers and Grand Admiral (Kapudan Pasha) of the Ottoman fleet. Born Giovanni Dionigi Galeni, he was also known by several other names in the Christian countries of the Mediterranean and in the literature also appears under various names. Miguel de Cervantes called him ''Uchali'' in chapter XXXIX of his '' Don Quixote de la Mancha''. Elsewhere he was simply called ''Ali Pasha''. John Wolf, in his ''The Barbary Coast'', refers to him as ''Euldj Ali''. Early life Giovanni Dionigi Galeni was born to the seaman Birno Galeni and his wife Pippa de Cicco, in the village of (near modern Isola di Capo Rizzuto) in Calabria, Kingdom of Naples. His father wanted him to receive a religious education, but on 29 April 1536, when he was about 17, Giovanni was captured by Ali Ahmed, one of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mahomet Sirocco
Şuluk Mehmed Pasha (1525 – 7 October 1571), better known in Europe as Mehmed Siroco or Mahomet Sirocco, and also spelled Sulik, Chulouk, Şolok, Seluk, or Suluc and known with the titles Pasha, Reis, or Bey, was the Ottoman Bey (regional governor) of Alexandria in the mid-16th century. Both the foreign and the Turkish nicknames (and their various spellings) were derived from the name of the southern Mediterranean wind Sirocco, from Greek ''sirokos'' and the hence derived Levantine Arabic ''shlūq'', respectively. Mehmed Siroco was appointed admiral in command of the Turkish right at the Battle of Lepanto (1571). Fighting the '' Lega Santa'' led by Admiral Agostino Barbarigo, he was known as the most aggressive attacker of the battle. He was wounded and killed in action when he struggled against Venetians at the Battle of Lepanto, as was Barbarigo. Mehmed Siroco was beheaded by the sword of Giovanni Contarini the Venetian. See also * Battle of Lepanto order of battle Thi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Müezzinzade Ali Pasha
Müezzinzade Ali Pasha (; also known as Sofu Ali Pasha or Sufi Ali Pasha or Meyzinoğlu Ali Pasha; died 7 October 1571) was an Ottoman statesman and naval officer. He was the Grand Admiral (Kapudan Pasha) in command of the Ottoman fleet at the Battle of Lepanto, where he was killed in action. He also served as the governor of Egypt from 1563 to 1566. Background His date of birth and exact place of birth are unknown. However, it is known that his father worked in Edirne, and that he grew up in the provinces. He was an ethnic Turk, and would later marry an Ottoman Turk princess. His father was a muezzin, hence his epithet ''Müezzinzade'' ("son of a muezzin"). He was trained in Enderûn.Yayın Kurulu, "Ali Paşa (Müezzinzade)" (1999), Yaşamları ve Yapıtlarıyla Osmanlılar Ansiklopedisi'', İstanbul:Yapı Kredi Kültür Sanat Yayıncılık A.Ş. C.1 s.229 ISBN 975-08-0072-9 He was a favorite of Sultan Selim II and of the women of the seraglio who admired his voice as a muez ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marcantonio Colonna
Marcantonio II Colonna (sometimes spelled Marc'Antonio; 1535 – August 1, 1584), Duke of Tagliacozzo and Duke and Prince of Paliano, was an Italian aristocrat who served as Viceroy of Sicily in the service of the Spanish Crown, general of the Spanish forces, and Captain General of the Church. He is best remembered for his part as the admiral of the Papal fleet in the Battle of Lepanto. He was "one of the most illustrious land and sea captains of the 16th century." Biography Marcantonio Colonna, born in 1535 at Civita Lavinia, was a member of the noble Colonna family of the Lazio, then one of the most powerful feudal dynasties of the Papal States and the Kingdom of Sicily, which was under Spanish rule. His parents were Ascanio Colonna, Duke of Tagliacozzo, and Giovanna d'Aragona. Due to acts of rebellion, he was disinherited by his father; but in 1562 Colonna was able to regain the family fiefs for himself, largely thanks to the support of Pope Pius IV. However, he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Giovanni Andrea Doria
Giovanni Andrea Doria (1539 – 1606), also known as Gianandrea Doria, was an Italian admiral from Genoa, the Marquis of Tursi and Prince of Melfi. Biography Doria was born to a noble family of the Republic of Genoa. He was the son of Giannettino Doria, of the Doria family, who died when Doria was 6 years old. He would be selected by his great-uncle Andrea Doria to command the family's galleys. He became the Admiral of the Genoese Fleet in 1555 and commanded the combined Christian fleet of the Holy League at the Battle of Djerba in 1560, which was won by the Ottoman Turks under the command of Piyale Pasha. He barely escaped with his life as his troops suffered a crushing defeat, the stress and shame supposedly caused the older Andrea Doria to die. He also participated in the Battle of Lepanto in 1571, commanding the right wing of the Christian coalition force known as the Holy League. During the battle he allowed a gap to be formed in the Holy League's battle line whic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
